Closures are functions that capture variables from their surrounding context.
The scope of a closure refers to the environment in which it was created, including all the variables and functions that were in scope at that time
The scope chain refers to the hierarchical structure of scopes in a programming language.
A lexical environment in programming refers to the association between identifiers and their corresponding values within a particular scope of code.
Closures are created in programming languages like JavaScript when a function is defined within another function.
Closure function factories are a pattern in programming where a function is used to generate and return other functions, often with pre-configured behavior or state
Closure callback functions are functions that are passed as arguments to another function and are then invoked inside that function.